Ecosphere

This analysis tried the Earth and how the bio-geochemical cycles inside it depend on one another. The worms depended on the ground for cover and the plant for oxygen. The Ecosphere additionally assessed constraining variables inside a biological system in light of the fact that the container utilized was a little, contained condition. For instance, one of the three worms had kicked the bucket since it stalled out between the plant and the side of the container. This is a restricting element as far as space: if there was more space for the worm this would not have occurred. Question: If one maker and one shopper are to keep up a feasible biological system in a container, to what extent will they endure? Theory: I accept the result of the investigation will be that the entirety of the worms will endure and the plant won't. The worms will endure on the grounds that I will take care of them sawdust, their ideal food, and they will have a lot of earth to squirm around in. The plant, in any case, won't endure on the grounds that the plant’s assets are restricted. The dirt put into the ecosphere won't be changed out, along these lines the supplements in it will decrease. Foundation Information: The EcoSphere is a presentation of a working biological framework. While it is delightful to see, it likewise shows the sensitive equalization of a shut biological system like the Earth. Contained inside the totally fixed glass is a little assortment of biota living in a separated domain. The EcoSphere contains a portion of a similar basic components that are found on our planet. The Earth is spoken to by the dirt at the base. Fire is the light, which streams in every day. At long last, life: the worms, plant and organisms that live in the EcoSphere. The EcoSphere's organic cycle speaks to Earth's' very own straightforward adaptation environment. Light along with carbon dioxide in the water empowers the plant to deliver oxygen by photosynthesis. The worms inhale the oxygen in the ahir while snacking on the sawdust which is taken care of to them and microbes. The microscopic organisms separate the creature squander into supplements, which the plant uses. The worms and microorganisms likewise radiate carbon dioxide, which the plant again use to create oxygen. Thus the cycle reestablishes itself. Materials: †one 1 liter coke bottle with top †one plant (purchased from pet store) †3 Super Worms †2 cups of soil †water †daylight †sawdust (food) †scissors †conduit tape †note pad to record information Technique: All the materials were gathered. At that point, a scissor was utilized to cut a half moon formed opening in the highest point of the container, around 1 inch beneath the top. Next, a large portion of the dirt was pored into the opening. At that point the plant was set into the dirt, while poring the other half over the base of the plant to guarantee legitimate development. After, 3 super worms were placed into the Ecosphere with some sawdust. The EcoSphere was taped closed and put on a windowsill with great daylight presentation. Information was recorded at that point and ordinarily, for 20 days, following. Examination: My theory was extremely erroneous. Two superworms wound up enduring, while the plant was withering and battling. One superworm kicked the bucket because of it stalling out. Unfit to get out, I expect it kicked the bucket of starvation or hypothermia on the grounds that the worms invested the entirety of their energy under the dirt. I accept the plant shriveled in light of the fact that it needed more space and oxygen within the EcoSphere. During the analysis, I accept the EcoSphere was knocked off the window. This could have blocked the plant’s development too. The plant could have been up-established throughout the fall causing its disintegration. Taking everything into account, the EcoSphere venture is critical to our educational plan since it assesses the bio-geochemical cycles, just as tests restricting elements. A mistake made with this trial was it being thumped over. This was negative to the worms and could have been deadly for the plant.

Wilfred Owen Trial Essay Example

Wilfred Owen Trial Essay To welcome the sonnets of Wilfred Owen, the key topics should initially be comprehended: nationalistic penance, pointlessness of war and the genuine abhorrences of war; these characteristics are what make Owen’s War verse important while picking up knowledge the detestations of those caught in War. The Poems Anthem for Doomed Youth, Disabled and Futility uncover various characteristics of war yet and upheld by the establishment of the subjects of pointless and the genuine penance of War. Every sonnet uncovers Owen’s plan in uncovering the penance and intensity of the human spirit.Anthem for Doomed Youth through uncovering the revulsions and pointlessness of War permit the responder to genuinely acknowledge Owen’s verse. Alliterative expression alongside aural symbolism is utilized in â€Å"stuttering rifles quick rattle† gives understanding into the consistent sounds and detestations of war. Owen investigates the division of death through aural symbolism a s the steady stable of death can leave a solider â€Å"disabled†, featuring the repugnance of war. Analogy is uncovered through embodiment in â€Å"Bugle’s calling† which features the verifiable setting of the â€Å"bugles† calling the officers to battle is presently calling them to rise by and by and serve the nationalistic penance and feed the continuous yearning of the War.Owen endeavors to light up the pointlessness of War just as the mystery of life and passing as each ensured triumph, comes ensured â€Å"sacrifice†. Allegory is uncovered through embodiment in â€Å"demented ensemble of crying shells† featuring the reference to a burial service ensemble calling for more penance by the unexpected weapons of war. Owen endeavors to feature that even the weapons of war are â€Å"wailing† at the pointless penance of the repulsiveness in war. The crowd can increase a strong thankfulness for the verse of Wilfred Owen through the wisely uncovering how the impacting objects of War together distinguish the penances of war; uncovering the obliviousness of the ordering generals.Appreciation of Wilfred Owen can persistently be uncovered by Anthem for Doomed youth as it uncovered the genuine aural and visual disappointment of War. Similitude and alliterative expression is utilized to develop â€Å"drawing down of the blinds† to give knowledge into the Catch 22 of penance. Owen uncovered that with the finish of every day come the finish of life in war as an ever increasing number of penances are expected to satisfy the â€Å"useless† reason for war. Exemplification and intensifier is utilized to build â€Å"monstrous outrage of firearms â€Å" as Owen uncovered that even the weapons of war are debilitated and furious at the penance of war. â€Å"Patter out† through saying is made to feature that through the outrage and trouble of the weapons of war; numerous lives are â€Å"pattered out of existenc e† which uncovered the progressing subject of the pointless of war. Facetious inquiry and similitude are built in â€Å"who kick the bucket as cattle?† to give understanding into the foreordained idea of fighters to be raised and relinquished as cows. Owen uncovered the Catch 22 of war as men must be utilized as â€Å"cattle† to take care of the progressing craving of the butcher of war. Owen cleverly provokes the crowd to comprehend the enduring impacts of War as the detestations are not simply contained in the limits of battle.Appreciation of Owen’s sonnets can likewise be uncovered by the visual symbolism which is made in the sonnet of Disabled. â€Å"Slob like relish† is utilized by Owen through the visual symbolism just as â€Å"drooping tongues† to give understanding into the fallout of War as it penances all that it contacts, leaving a few warriors the living dead. â€Å"Faces the dead have ravished† through illustration uncover ed the repulsions of war as much after death, the men despite everything have not had the option to expel the scars of death from their fantasies. Owen gives understanding into the Catch 22 of the debilitated as they can no longer speak with the outside world, nor would they be able to leave their frightened brain, leaving them in steady equal of death. Analogy is built through metaphor in â€Å"Dawn tears open like an injury that drains afresh† to give knowledge into the continuum of War as it effect can never be mended. Owen permits the peruser to imagine the Catch 22 of War similarly as with its continuation more men must â€Å"bleed afresh† for its headway. Through Disabled, the crowd can acknowledge the probable characteristics of Nationalistic penance, making the abhorrences of war which permit the valuation for Owen’s keen poetry.Futility by Wilfred Owen permits the responder to acknowledge Owen’s verse on an alternate setting through the unmistaka ble thought of foreordained destiny. Owen utilizes the all-encompassing representation of â€Å"seeds† as the men are developed from â€Å"clay† to be separated and butchered for their fated destiny of penance for a Nationalistic reason. Owen proceeds with the all-encompassing analogy with the â€Å"sun† as the â€Å"sun† or the officers of war have raised the youthful â€Å"seeds† to develop as men and serve the reason for penance. It is through the nature of understanding Owen’s unmistakable thought of foreordained destiny that the responder can value the idea of knowledge Owen’s verse gives.

Business model canvas Customer Segments

Business model canvas Customer Segments WHAT IS A CUSTOMER SEGMENT?Customer segments are the community of customers or businesses that you are aiming to sell your product or services to. Customer segments is one of the most important building blocks in the business model canvas for your business, so getting this building block right is key to your success.Customers can be segmented into distinct groups based on needs, behaviors and other traits that they share. A customer segment may also be defined through demographics such as age, ethnicity, profession, gender, etc or on their psychographic factors such as spending behavior, interests, and motivations. An organization can choose to target a single group or multiple groups through its products and services.By matching your customer segment to your value proposition, you can achieve a more lucrative revenue stream. Hence, it is fundamental for an organization to understand the trade-off between different customer segments and carefully select which segment it wants to targ et. Then, the organization must create a value proposition and employ a business model best suited to servicing their chosen customer segment’s needs.An organization can categorize consumers into distinct groups if they have the following characteristics;The customer groups have a particular need which justifies the creation of a product to match this need.The group needs a separate Distribution Channel to be reached.The groups require relationships of different kinds.There is a very clear difference in the level of profitability each group represents for the organization.Each consumer group feels strongly enough to pay for a different version of the product or service, tailored to their preferences. TYPES OF CUSTOMER SEGMENTSMass MarketProducts and services which target the Mass Market segment are appealing or fulfill the needs of a wide cross section of the population and does not discriminate between different Customer segments.   The value propositions, distribution channels a nd customer relationships are meant for the consumption to a big number of people who have a common problem or need that requires fulfillment. The manufacturer for a fridge will have a very broad target market because there is very little differentiation required by people from their fridge.Niche MarketNiche market refers to a customer segment with extremely defined characteristics and very particular needs. This segment requires, or rather expects, a highly tailored product, custom made to suit their needs. Therefore the value propositions, distribution channels ad customer relationships are closely defined according to the preferences of this particular customer segment. These business models are common in supplier buyer relationships such as those between automobile parts manufacturers who are extremely dependent on automobile manufacturers for sale of their products.SegmentedSome businesses choose to provide products and services to customer segments which may have very minute v ariations in their needs and requirements. The organization creates different value propositions, distribution channels and customer relationships according to these small differences in the customer segments.In retail banking, a bank will create a distinction between consumers whose net worth is $100, 000 and those with a net worth of $500, 000. The differences between these two kinds of consumers are small but significant. Typically, a bank will find it more lucrative to invest in creating separate value propositions, distribution channels and customer relationships for both customer segments.DiversifiedAn organization which opts to serve diversified customer segments is basically picking customer segments with very different needs and wants. The customer profiles have few overlaps but due to varying reasons, the organization sees value in investing in appealing to both these diverse segments. Amazon.com started by selling books online. As it’s business grew, it’s IT infrastru cture became more and more sophisticated. Leveraging this value proposition, Amazon began offering its IT infrastructure through cloud services to business customers. Hence, Amazon now has individual customers and business customers as well.Multi-Sided Platforms/ marketsWhen customer segments are related through dependency, it makes business sense to serve both ends of the equation. Hence, for a credit card company, it is not just imperative that customers opt to use their credit cards but equally important for stores to accept their credit card. If either segment fails, the other will automatically follow suit. Simply put, it’s a chicken and egg problem. Today, one of the most successful online ventures is e-bay which operates with Multi-sided platform by requiring the presence of both buyers and sellers for it’s continued success. If eBay doesn’t have a sufficient customer base for its sellers, sellers will not be interested in advertising their wares on eBay. Conversely, if the buyers do not have a multitude of sellers to choose from, they may switch to other mediums to fulfill their needs.CREATING A CUSTOMER PROFILE It is important for an entrepreneur to recognize from the onset that your target customer is under no automatic obligation to buy your product or service. However, every business that wants to remain viable must appeal to its target customer segment or face a long and slow dissolution.To ensure a business’ appeal to its customer segment the business must work to understand who the customer is. These can be recognized by evaluating the customer’s environment, experiences and general context. All these factors contribute to how the customer will respond to your product. So a customer’s geographic, demographic and social context will define the customer’s persona, creating a customer archetype for your products and services. © Entrepreneurial Insights based on the concept of Alex OsterwalderIn this article, we will look at 1) what is a customer segment?, 2) types of customer segments, 3) creating a customer profile (customer jobs, customer gains and customer pains) and 4) a case study.WHAT IS A CUSTOMER SEGMENT?Customer segments are the community of customers or businesses that you are aiming to sell your product or services to. Customer segments is one of the most important building blocks in the business model canvas for your business, so getting this building block right is key to your success.Customers can be segmented into distinct groups based on needs, behaviors and other traits that they share. A customer segment may also be defined through demographics such as age, ethnicity, profession, gender, etc or on their psychographic factors such as spending behavior, interests, and motivations. An organization can choose to target a single group or multiple groups through its products and services.By m atching your customer segment to your value proposition, you can achieve a more lucrative revenue stream. Hence, it is fundamental for an organization to understand the trade-off between different customer segments and carefully select which segment it wants to target. Then, the organization must create a value proposition and employ a business model best suited to servicing their chosen customer segment’s needs.An organization can categorize consumers into distinct groups if they have the following characteristics;The customer groups have a particular need which justifies the creation of a product to match this need.The group needs a separate Distribution Channel to be reached.The groups require relationships of different kinds.There is a very clear difference in the level of profitability each group represents for the organization.Each consumer group feels strongly enough to pay for a different version of the product or service, tailored to their preferences. TYPES OF CUSTOMER S EGMENTSMass MarketProducts and services which target the Mass Market segment are appealing or fulfill the needs of a wide cross section of the population and does not discriminate between different Customer segments.   The value propositions, distribution channels and customer relationships are meant for the consumption to a big number of people who have a common problem or need that requires fulfillment. The manufacturer for a fridge will have a very broad target market because there is very little differentiation required by people from their fridge.Niche MarketNiche market refers to a customer segment with extremely defined characteristics and very particular needs. This segment requires, or rather expects, a highly tailored product, custom made to suit their needs. Therefore the value propositions, distribution channels ad customer relationships are closely defined according to the preferences of this particular customer segment. These business models are common in supplier buye r relationships such as those between automobile parts manufacturers who are extremely dependent on automobile manufacturers for sale of their products.SegmentedSome businesses choose to provide products and services to customer segments which may have very minute variations in their needs and requirements. The organization creates different value propositions, distribution channels and customer relationships according to these small differences in the customer segments.In retail banking, a bank will create a distinction between consumers whose net worth is $100, 000 and those with a net worth of $500, 000. The differences between these two kinds of consumers are small but significant. Typically, a bank will find it more lucrative to invest in creating separate value propositions, distribution channels and customer relationships for both customer segments.DiversifiedAn organization which opts to serve diversified customer segments is basically picking customer segments with very dif ferent needs and wants. The customer profiles have few overlaps but due to varying reasons, the organization sees value in investing in appealing to both these diverse segments. Amazon.com started by selling books online. As it’s business grew, it’s IT infrastructure became more and more sophisticated. Leveraging this value proposition, Amazon began offering its IT infrastructure through cloud services to business customers. Hence, Amazon now has individual customers and business customers as well.Multi-Sided Platforms/ marketsWhen customer segments are related through dependency, it makes business sense to serve both ends of the equation. Hence, for a credit card company, it is not just imperative that customers opt to use their credit cards but equally important for stores to accept their credit card. If either segment fails, the other will automatically follow suit. Simply put, it’s a chicken and egg problem. Today, one of the most successful online ventures is e-bay which operates with Multi-sided platform by requiring the presence of both buyers and sellers for it’s continued success. If eBay doesn’t have a sufficient customer base for its sellers, sellers will not be interested in advertising their wares on eBay. Conversely, if the buyers do not have a multitude of sellers to choose from, they may switch to other mediums to fulfill their needs.CREATING A CUSTOMER PROFILE © Entrepreneurial Insights based on the concept of Alex OsterwalderThe customer profile defines the customer segment more clearly for your organization by understanding the customer’s jobs and evaluating the customer’s pains and gains.Before creating a customer profile, one must understand the various archetypes customers typically fall into. These archetypes are as follows:A Curator is someone who sifts through a lot of information and options available and funnels the relevant options to his or her audience.A Broadcaster shares information of value to a huge audience.A Tastemaker is someone with very specific tastes and is followed by an audience who have similar tastes and look to him for cues on what products to try and what services to adopt.A Celebrity is someone with a dedicated fan following in whose eyes he/she can do no wrong. This is usually someone famous whose every move is watched and whose purchase preferences are emulated by the audience.Customer JobsCustomer job s describe what customers are trying to achieve in their personal and professional lives. It could refer to the work they are trying to get done, needs that they are trying to satisfy or challenges that they are trying to overcome. It is important in this section for the entrepreneur to think from the customer’s perspective to better understand the customer.Functional JobsThese are specific tasks and results that the customer is trying to achieve and is working towards. They are simple and easily defined such as cook a meal, complete my Math homework, eat healthier as a consumer or meet my KPI’s as an employee.Social JobsThese describe how a customer wants to project him or herself in a social setting. This includes wanting to fit in with a particular crowd socially, or wowing the boss with a presentation at work.Personal/ Emotional JobsCustomers also work towards feeling a particular way. Most people will aim for the rush of succeeding at a difficult task such as participating in a triathalon or having dinner with their family every night.Supporting JobsCustomers also consume or buy value, thereby performing a supporting job. The following three roles contribute to supporting jobs:Buyer of value: this job includes any purchase of value and can cover the spectrum from evaluating available options and alternatives to signing for a delivery or paying for a product you have selected.Co-creator of value: these are jobs in which you have a direct hand in the creation of the product with the organization. This can include brainstorming for ideas for the design of the product to testing the product yourself and providing reviews online.Transferor of value: these jobs represent the close of the product use lifecycle and are characterized by the consumer disposing off the product or transferring tis ownership to someone else because they find no further value in it.Jobs ContextWhile evaluating customer jobs, it is equally important to evaluate the context in which the job was performed because the context has the power to impact the job type itself. To elaborate, there is a marked difference between how a customer would approach going to watch a movie with their children and going to the movies with a significant other.Job ImportanceDifferent jobs will hold varying degrees of importance in the eyes of the customer depending on their impact and the customer’s priorities. It is important for the entrepreneur to recognize which jobs are crucial to the customer and which one the customer can easily discard or substitute.Customer PainsThese are conditions which either prevent the customer from getting a job done or elicit negative emotions before, during or after a job. The risks of doing a job or negative results arising from it also fall within the ambit of Customer Pains.Undesired outcomes, problems and characteristicsCustomer pains are of the following types: functional, social, emotional and ancillary. This also includes characteristics una ppealing to the customer.ObstaclesThese are pains which either prevent a customer from starting a job or hamper the customer in completing an assigned task.RisksThese are possibilities of something going wrong or negative consequences of an action.Pain severityCustomer pain varies in its severity from extreme to moderate.Tips for clarifying customer painsIt is important to delve into the depth of what causes a customer pain so we understand its urgency and importance for the customer. Hence, if a customer complains about being made to wait in line too long, an entrepreneur can understanding this pain better by inquiring how long after getting in line did the wait become an unbearable pain for the customer.Customer GainsCustomer Gains are results or benefits that customers desire. Some gains will be taken for granted by the customer upon purchasing a product or service, but others might be a surprise for them resulting in customer delight. Gains are of the following types: functional utility, social gains, positive emotions and cost savings.Required GainsThese are the most basic gains expected by the customer when purchasing a product. Hence a person purchasing a smartphone will have the minimum expectation that the new phone will let him make and receive phone calls.Expected GainsThese are also basic gains but ones without which the product or service would still fulfill its basic purpose. Hence, even if a smartphone makes a call, we expect it to be sleek and visually appealing.Desired GainsThese gains represent the customer’s wishlist. These would be highly coveted and treasured gains by the customer and would lead to a lot satisfaction from the customers. One such desired gain is for smartphones to be easily synced with other devices.Unexpected GainsThese are gains that haven’t been expressed by the customer. They are ideas and innovations which have the power to revolutionize the customer’s experience with a product but the customer isn’t aware of t hem and their potential benefits until they are introduced. The Touch screen was an unexpected gain for customers of Apple.Gain relevanceA successful entrepreneur needs to be able to evaluate how essential the gain is to the customer. Gains can vary from essential to nice to have.Tips for clarifying customer gainsIt is important to have clearly defined gains for the customer so the products and services can be tailored accordingly. If a customer gain is “need better performance’ from a product, it is key to the product’s success for the organization to know what level of performance will be viewed as a gain by the customer. The more information one has about customer gains, the better the value proposition will appeal to the customer segment.Steps for using the FRAMEWORKTo summarize, outlined below are the steps to effectively employ this framework;Pick a customer segment that you would like to analyse in detail.Figure out what tasks your customers are trying to accomplish and mention each on a separate sticky notePinpoint the pains customers have including the challenges and risks they facePinpoint the gains the customers would haveRank the jobs, pains and gains in order of relevance and severity for the customer.Best practices Common mistakes when using the FRAMEWORKBest Practices:If you are targeting more than one customer segment, have a separate value proposition for each segment. If your organization is targeting business customers, make sure to evaluate if you have more than one segment coexisting within the businessJobs are chores that customers are trying to complete, issues they are trying to find solutions for or needs they are attempting to fulfill. Gains on the other hand are specific results that a customer wants to achieve or, in the case of pains, avoid.Do not overlook the significance of social or emotional jobs. In many cases they are much more urgent to the customer than functional jobs.While creating a customer profile, it is imperat ive not to begin with the end in mind i.e. do not take your own product or service into account while identifying their jobs, gains and pains. Instead, make sure that your create a holistic profile by covering all their jobs, gains and pains regardless of whether they are relevant to your product or not.A good customer profile will be full of sticky notes because a typical segment will have many jobs, pains and gains.When mentioning pains and gains, it is more effective to be as specific as possible. Ambiguous gains like salary increase or takes too long, in the case of pains will not give you much to work on as a business. Instead, specify how much salary increase the customer wants or what amount of time will be deemed too long by the customer.Common Mistakes:Creating a customer profile which covers more than one segmentTreating jobs and results as the sameIgnoring emotional and social jobs in favor of functional jobsMentioning only those jobs, pains and gains which are relevant t o your product or serviceBeing satisfied with only having a few jobs, pains and gains on your customer profileFailing to be descriptive while mentioning jobs, pains and gainsCASE STUDYTidepool is a digital health startup that provides an open data and software platform to its customers. It is serving a two-sided market, identified as Patients and Device Manufacturers.Customer JobsPatients: Keep blood sugar within target range and make therapy adjustments when it doesn’t record a range.Device manufacturers: Design, build and sell devices.Customer PainsPatients: going through the pain of hypo and hyperglycemia everyday; fearing over losing their children to Diabetes everyday.Device manufacturers: software must have value to providers so they can recommend it to patients; create data management software; FDA process.Customer GainsPatients: a bank of information at their fingertips which removes the need for guesswork.Device manufacturers: innovative features which attract both the pr oviders and the patients.

An Educational Presentation By Caitlin Gibbs - 1314 Words

Yersinia pestis An educational presentation by Caitlin Gibbs General Outline Covering: ï‚ § History and Relevance ï‚ § Biological Characteristics ï‚ § Pathogenesis ï‚ § Detection Not covering ï‚ § Its use as a biological warfare agent The Plague Considered by many to be the greatest pandemic in the history of the world, the Plague is a disease that has ‘plagued’ the world for over a millennia. Three major pandemics recorded throughout history— claimed an estimated 200 million lives. History of the Plague The First Pandemic ï‚ § First recorded history of the plague, was the Plague of Justinian between 541 – 542 AD. ï‚ § Began in Pelusium, Egypt, after arriving from Ethiopia. ï‚ § Quickly spread through the Middle East and Mediterranean basin ï‚ § Eventually affected all the known world— o 25 million deaths during the pandemic o Up to 50 million deaths total over the next 250 years until 700 AD. Slowly spread from Central Asia, to the west via trade routes between 1330 and 1346. The Second Pandemic ï‚ § Its arrival in Sicily in 1346 brought the start of the Second Pandemic, known as the Black Death. ï‚ § During 1346 to 1353 it killed between 17 and 28 million Europeans, which was about 30 to 40% of the population. ï‚ § Further epidemics continued across the globe until the mid 17th century. o The biggest pandemic in history with over 100 million deaths. o Killed 30% of the world’s population. The Third Plague Pandemic (AKA The Modern Pandemic) ï‚ § Started in 1855 in the Chinese province of Yunnan. ï‚ § By

Company Profile Of The Hershey Company - 1237 Words

Introduction The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation (and commonly called Hershey’s), is the largest chocolate manufacturer in North America. Its headquarters are in Hershey, PA. Founded in 1894, the company is 120 years old and enjoys the benefits associated with a mature business cycle; strong corporate culture, brand recognition, customer loyalty, etc. This paper analyzes the business in a number of ways to explain how Hershey’s has endured and some issues it overcame to remain a global leader in chocolate and sugar confectionery and an icon for its chocolate bar. Company Profile The Hershey Chocolate Company was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company. Principle product groups include chocolate and sugar confectionery products, gum and mint refreshment products, and pantry items such as baking ingredients, toppings and beverages. Their mission is â€Å"undisputed marketplace leadership† and their vision is â€Å"great people building great brands† (Chadna, A., 2012, p.1). The Hershey Company currently employs 21,000 people worldwide and holds 44.4% of the U.S. chocolate market. Products are sold in 60 countries under 80 brand names including Hershey’s, Reese’s, and Kisses. Additionally, Hershey maintains the right to manufacture and sell competitor’s products such as Kit-Kat bars through licensing agreements with foreign Nestle and the former Cadbury Schweppes, now a part of Kraft foods.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Acc 504965 Words   |  4 Pagesdownload in Doc S haring. The sample project compares the ratio performance of Tootsie Roll and Hershey using the 2012 financial statements of Tootsie Roll and Hershey provided at their websites. A sample project template is available for download in Doc Sharing. 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Although many people associate Hershey with chocolate, the company started when founder Milton Hershey decided to produce caramel in 1894.They are most famous for their major candy brands such as Hershey s, Reese s, Kit Kat, Kisses, Twizzlers, Jolly Rancher etc. However, Hershey also sells grocery products including: bakingRead MoreMy Career And Personal Study Of Leadership1528 Words   |  7 PagesWeek 1 – Developing a Leadership Profile During the course of my career and personal study of leadership practice, I have had the good fortune of becoming acquainted with a number of leaders whom I admire. When considering a choice for this paper, a number of strong leaders from a wide range of backgrounds came to mind. I considered Alan Mulally, former CEO of Ford Motor Company, Jack Welsh former Chairman and CEO of General Electric, and Paul Downes President and CEO of Mountaire Farms, and LeeRead MoreNestle : A Company For The Creation Of Popular Brands Essay885 Words   |  4 Pagesoriginating from Vevey, Switzerland is a well-known company for the creation of popular brands such as; Allen’s, Maggie, Uncle Tobies and Milo just to name a few. Nestle S.A covers the product market of baby foods, bottled water, cereals, chocolate and confectionery, coffee, culinary, chilled and frozen foods, dairy products, drinks, food service, healthcare nutrition products, ice creams, pet care products, and weight management s ervice. (MarketLine Company Profile, Nestle S. A, October 2015). Nestle sells

Latin History Free Essays

MEXICO ECONOMY Mexico is located in North America and known as United Mexican States. It consists of thirty-one states and a federal district with the capital of Mexico City. It is most populous city in the Earth. We will write a custom essay sample on Latin History or any similar topic only for you Order Now The GDP is $1.149 trillion and per capital income is $11,249. the income per capita is $7.310. It is 12th largest economy in the world as measured in Gross Domestic product. The GDP real growth rate is 4.8%. The average annual GDP growth during 1972 to 1981 was 5.5% whereas during 1981-1986 it was only 1.5%. The GDP’s main share is from services 69.4% and the industry captured 26.7%. From Agriculture it is only 3.9%.   The public debt is 23.3% of GDP. Mexico is highly dependent on exports to the United States. The quarter share of the country’s GDP is based on the exports to the United States. Hence the Mexican economy is strongly linked with the U.S. business. The 1994-year is Mexico’s bad year. Of course it starts with acceptance of NAFTA in the year beginning with United States and Canada and ends with dark Christmas with peso devaluation. During the year there are many political problems like Chiapas rebellion, assignations of political leaders. There was such situation the Mexico attacked with the crisis during 1982 and it got recovered by 7 years whereas during 1994 peso devaluation, it takes for 7 months only to get recovery.   During December 19, 1994, the exchange rate is 3.50 pesos per dollar. The consumer demand for goods collapsed. The Mexican interest rate on loans dramatically increased creating a shock in the banking system. Some businesses closed due to increase of market share. The exports increased with high exchange rate TRADE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEXICO AND UNITED STATES 90% of Mexican trade has been put under free trade agreements with over 40 countries. The North American Free Trade Agreement is significant in this regard. 9% of Mexican exports go to the United States and Canada. And imports recognized 65% from these two countries. The exports to Untied States are 88.4% and imports from United States are 68.4%. Mexico is dependent on trade with United States. The U.S. exports to Mexico include electronic equipment, motor vehicle parts and chemicals and in case of Mexican exports to the United States are Petroleum, cars and electronic equipment. Mexico depends more than on U.S. economy whether it may be good or bad. The NAFTA relation between U.S and Mexico completed more than 10 years. Of course, after the peso devaluation, the Mexico economy become stable, perhaps the United States plays major role. Initially, there was a free trade agreement between Canada and United States called Free Trade Agreement during 1988. Thereafter it was included Mexico and fresh agreement is established in the name of NAFTA. It is trilateral agreement. It is an agreement among the United States, Canada and Mexico. The agreement indicates elimination of tariffs of the produced traded in the respective nations i.e. United States, Canada and Mexico. It is planned to phase out tariffs over a period 15 years. Besides the restrictions were said to be removed from many categories, which includes motor vehicles, computers, textiles and agriculture. MEXICO POLITICAL The type of government is Federal republic. Representing political parties are Institutional Revolutionary Party, National Action Party, Party of the Democratic Revolution, Green Ecological Party, Labor party and several small parties. The politics of Mexico are dominated by the three political parties in Mexico i.e. National Action Party (PAN), Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) and the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The recent federal presidential elections were held on July 2, 2006. President Zedillo and president Fox continued with trade liberalization and several FTAs were signed with Latin American and European countries. Thus Mexico became one of the most open countries in the world of trade. Most Important reform during President Fox period is implementation of Freedom of Information laws. With this effect Mexico City and 26 states supposed to fight against corruption. Hence Mexico becomes international model by usage of FOIA laws and enforcement mechanisms. REFERENE: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mx.html http://countrystudies.us/mexico/65.htm http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/0,,pagePK:180619~theSitePK:136917,00.html http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/35749.htm    How to cite Latin History, Essay examples

Report on Operations and Supply Chain Strategy

Question: Write about theReport on Operations and Supply Chain Strategy. Answer: Introduction Supply chain sustainability is a philosophy that is focused on being socially responsible, to consider the long term profitability by following practices that are good for the environment. Its focus goes beyond delivery, inventory, and traditional views of managing costs. The company following this philosophy can work towards reducing energy cost, any form of waste, application of green technology, as well as reduction of gas emissions along with reducing the environmental damage done in any form. Supply chain sustainability requires a collaboration of both internal and external partners of the process involved (Cetinkaya,et al. 2011). Sustainability in Supply Chain Barloworld Logistics which is in the trucking industry, there is a tremendous benefit in considering sustainability in its operations. The green movement of the company has been the first green trailer for which the company did not rely on any truck manufacturer rather pushed the initiative on their own. The Green Trailer has the capacity to reduce the carbon footprint by 14 tons in 6 months and save the fuel by 7-10%. The attention these days to corporate responsibility along with sustainable development is increasing and green supply chain management activities have gained a lot of it. These green trailers if incorporated in the supply chain have a lot of benefits (www.fleetwatch.co.za/, 2010), such as: These trucks give the firms a competitive advantage over other firms. The reduction of energy and fuel also add to the benefits in reducing the cost. Reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions in distribution activities contributes to environmental improvements. They present a good picture of the company, creates goodwill when a company is engaged in green practices. Companies that have adopted such green practices and have focused it on implementing those practices in their distribution activities have successfully improved their business and environmental performance. The business is able to better differentiate in their distribution service, manage the risk, increase sales and also create goodwill in the market all the while by also reducing distribution cost. In this specific case, for Barloworld Logistics, they would have the advantage of the monthly saving of over AED 4250, along with contributing in reducing their environmental impact. SkySails GmbH takes wind power to the next level. This company is a leader and innovator in the field of automated towing kite systems and is the first company in the world that has successfully developed kite technology into an industrial application. The company has large and fully automated kites that are the key technology through which the energy is generated from high-altitude winds (Levinson, 2016). This kind of innovation represents next generation of wind power. Benefits of such initiatives and incorporating them in the supply chain of the organization would have the following benefits: Wind is Powerful, unlimited and free along with being the cheapest and greenest source of energy on the high seas Use of wind as a source of power will lower the fuel costs along with reducing the levels of emissions. This system can be installed as auxiliary propulsion systems on existing as well as new builds. It is efficient, very safe in use along with being easy. It will reduce the operating costs reason being that it is cheaper than oil Flying towing kites also generates 25 times more energy than the conventional sails propulsion systems. It is considered as a great environmental practice in the shipping industry that will lower the greenhouse gas emissions, also reduce the fuel consumption and costs (skysails.info, 2016). This practice should be incorporated in the supply chain of organizations that use ocean transportation, because shipping industry approximately supports 90% of the international physical trade of the world (www.skysails.info, 2016). Wal-Mart, the company has been phenomenal in incorporating green initiatives in its operations. The company uses renewable sources of energy for approx 26% in its running functions, along with making some goals in reducing the global problem of food wastage. The company has also reduced its greenhouse gas emissions from its supply chain; this has reduced their energy usage along with costs. The company also has reportedly reduced its water consumption and recycles and reuses approx 34% of the water in store operations. The company has taken numerous initiatives in incorporating green initiatives in its operations and supply chain management. The supply chain managers have to set realistic goals to attain sustainability in their operations and development. Companies adopting sustainable approach will not only focus on strengthening their relations with buyer and sellers but will also engage in creating benefits for the both. The managers have to identify efficiencies through which their operations could be improved and operations become more sustainable. Sustainable supply chain will have the following benefits. It will reduce the consumption of energy, water, raw materials and the facilities used in supplying. It will reduce the carbon footprint of the company as well as will manage risk well. The routes for purchase and delivery of goods will be optimized. The work conditions would be improved and the internal systems will be managed better (Supply Chain Logistics Association Canada, Green Supply Chain 2008 Survey, 2008). Overall, sustainable supply chain, as seen in the above three cases, will provide the company with long term benefits such as goodwill, competitive edge over other market players along with environmental benefits for the company. Sustainability is a realistic ambition for the supply chain managers and such initiatives should be incorporated to the maximum in the operations of the company (BSR, 2011). Different Types of Waste in Logistics and Supply Chain There are seven types of waste in lean manufacturing, they are, transport, inventory, motion, waiting, over-processing, over production and defects (Interieri, 2013). Type of Wastage in the Case of Barloworld Logistics To achieve lean environment the company has to avoid excessive movement of goods, this would imply as the wastage of resources such as time, energy and would also incur cost to the company. Another wastage that could take place in the company could be motion, since in the logistics industry workers are required to conduct some extra motion, this excessive than usual motion could sometime result in the worker being injured at the workplace, which was not even required for the job. This type of wastage should be avoided by the company Type of Wastage in the Case of SkySails GmbH The company should focus on eliminating the waste in terms of applying lean logistics policy, i.e. it should specify the value of the customer that has to be added along the supply chain, it then needs to map out the value system and identify all process along the network of the supply chain. The processes that does not add or create value to the overall product should be eliminated in this stage, a sensible product flow should be created by the company that will outline all the factors in order to add value to the processes so that it is carried out with minimum interruptions and inventory downtime is maintained. The next should be to establish a customer pull where only the product that is needed by the customers made available across the supply chain (www.mhlnews.com , 2011). Type of Wastage in the Case of Wal-Mart The company should avoid the wastage of inventory and defects in its operations. The company should not hold only goods that are not adding any value to the process. It should also make sure that the quality is not deficient in any manner as it would lead to wastage. Conclusion Sustainability in the supply chain will only add value to the company, a supply chain manager has to have a sustainable approach in managing its supply chain operations, it will result in the overall benefit to the company in terms of cost reduction, getting competitive edge over the competitors and moreover improving the picture of the company in terms of reducing the carbon footprints and the environmental damage. The company should adopt lean approach in its operations whether in logistics or in supply chain. Elimination of wastage would help the company in gaining competitive edge and would also improve its profitability and operations. References BSR,(2011) Maximizing Benefits From a Sustainable Supply Chain [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL:https://www.bsr.org/reports/BSR_Maximizing_Benefits_From_A_Sustainable_Supply_Chain.pdf Cetinkaya,B, et al. (2011) Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Practical Ideas for Moving Towards Best Practice. Germany: Springer Science Business Media Interieri, C. (2013). The 7 kinds of waste, and intro to KAIZEN. [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL: https://cerasis.com/2013/10/07/lean-environment/ Levinson,W. (2016). Lean Management System LMS: 2012: A Framework for Continual Lean Improvement. US: CRC Press. Supply Chain Logistics Association Canada, Green Supply Chain 2008 Survey (2008) Green Supply Chain Management [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL: (https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/dsib-logi.nsf/vwapj/pg00032_eng.pdf/$file/pg00032_eng.pdf The Green Supply Chain Editorial Staff (2015) Green Supply Chain News: Walmart is on a Sustainability Mission [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL:https://www.scdigest.com/gsc/NEWS/15-04-30-1.php?cid=9251 www.fleetwatch.co.za/.( 2010) Green Vision Become Reality [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL: https://www.fleetwatch.co.za/magazines/Jul2010/12-Green%20vision.htm www.mhlnews.com (2011). Cargills Green Shipping Idea: Go Fly a Kite. [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL: https://mhlnews.com/global-supply-chain/cargill-s-green-shipping-idea-go-fly-kite www.skysails.info. (2016) Advantages. [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL https://www.skysails.info/english/skysails-marine/skysails-propulsion-for-cargo-ships/advantages/ www.skysails.info. (2016) Powerful-Unlimited-free. [Online] Retrieved on 29th October 2016. Available at URL:https://www.skysails.info/english/skysails-marine/skysails-propulsion-for-cargo-ships/